Here is how to deal with JWT inside REST API routes:
Note: if you want to learn more on JSONWebTokens and REST you can visit this course: Learn Node.js, Express and MongoDB + JWT
mkdir auth
setup the project:
npm init -f
Then we will install the following libraries:
for setting up the webserver
npm i express
for the database connection
npm i mongoose
for reading .env files
npm i dotenv
for restarting the nodejs application(webserver)
npm i --save-dev nodemon
for using ES6 syntax inside nodejs
npm i --save-dev @babel/preset-env @babel/core @babel/node
setting up the transpiling inside babel
nano .babelrc
npm install eslint --save-devother packages: bcryptjs, jsonwebtoken
to be able to run the code change package.json:
"start": "nodemon --exec babel-node index.js"
start developing from the current directory inside visual studio code:
code .
.env file
DB_CONNECT ="mongodb://127.0.0.1/users"
TOKEN_SECRET = "onetwothreefourfive"
our index.js file:
import express from "express";
import mongoose from "mongoose";
import dotenv from "dotenv";
// import the routes
import routes from "./routes/routes";
// create an express instance
const app = express();
// setup the middleware routes
routes(app);
// config the database credentials
dotenv.config();
// connect to the database
mongoose.connect(
process.env.DB_CONNECT,
{ useNewUrlParser: true, useUnifiedTopology: true },
() => console.log("connected to mongoDB")
);
// listen for errors
mongoose.connection.on('error', console.error.bind(console, 'MongoDB connection error:'));
// listen on port 3000
app.listen(3000, () => console.log("server is running"));
controller.js:
import mongoose from "mongoose";
mongoose.set("useCreateIndex", true);
import { userSchema } from "../models/user.js";
import * as bcrypt from "bcryptjs";
import * as jwt from "jsonwebtoken";
const User = mongoose.model("users", userSchema); // users is the name of our collection!!!
export const addNewUser = (req, res) => {
User.init(() => {
// init() resolves when the indexes have finished building successfully.
// in order for unique check to work
let newUser = new User(req.query); // just creating w/o saving
newUser.password = bcrypt.hashSync(req.query.password, 10); // setting password synchronously
newUser.save((err, user) => { // now saving
if (err) {
res.send(err.message);
}
res.json(user);
});
});
};
export const loginUser = (req, res) => {
User.init(() => {
User.findOne({ email: req.query.email }, (err, user) => {
if (err) {
res.send(err);
}
if (user == null) {
res.status(400).send("Non existing user");
}
// we have the user record from db, now check the password
const validPassword = bcrypt.compareSync(
req.query.password,
user.password
);
if (!validPassword) res.status(400).send("Not valid password");
// create and send a token to be able to use it in further requests
const token = jwt.sign({ _id: user._id }, process.env.TOKEN_SECRET);
res.header("auth-token", token) // set the token in the header of the response
.send(token); // display the token
});
});
};
routes.js: // our main routes file
import { addNewUser, loginUser } from "../controllers/controller.js";
import { info } from "../controllers/info.js"; // the protected route
import { auth } from "../controllers/verifyToken"; // middleware for validating the token
const routes = app => {
app.route("/user/register").get((req,res)=>addNewUser(req,res)); // we capture inside req, and res
app.route("/user/login").get((req,res)=>loginUser(req,res)); // we capture inside req, and res
app.route("/info").get(auth,(req,res)=>info(req,res)); // we capture inside req, and res
// and insert the auth middleware to process the token
};
export default routes;
verifytoken.js
import * as jwt from "jsonwebtoken";
export const auth = (req, res, next) => {
const token = req.header("Bearer");
if (!token) return res.status(401).send("access denied");
const verified = jwt.verify(token, process.env.TOKEN_SECRET);
if (!verified) res.status(400).send("Invalid token");
// continue from the middleware to the next processing middleware :)
next();
};
// user mongoDB schema:
user.js
import mongoose from "mongoose";
export const userSchema = new mongoose.Schema(
{
name: { type: String, required: "Enter username", minlength: 5, maxlength: 20 },
email: { type: String, required: "Enter email", maxlength: 50, unique: true },
password: { type: String, required: "Enter password", maxlength: 65 }
},
{
timestamps: true
}
);
Congratulations and enjoy learning !
